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  <title>Open Grotto — every registry entry</title>
  <subtitle>Versioned, attributed, openly-contributed registry of Canadian policy primitives.</subtitle>
  <id>https://opengrotto.ca/feed.xml</id>
  <link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://opengrotto.ca/feed.xml" />
  <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/templates" />
  <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
  <author>
    <name>Open Grotto</name>
    <uri>https://opengrotto.ca</uri>
  </author>
  <generator uri="https://opengrotto.ca">Open Grotto registry feed generator</generator>
  <entry>
    <title>Memorandum to Cabinet</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/mc</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/mc" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="cabinet" />
    <category term="policy" />
    <category term="spending" />
    <category term="legislation" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Full Cabinet submission seeking policy approval, spending authority, or legislative authority. The primary instrument for major government decisions.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Treasury Board Submission</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/tb-sub</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/tb-sub" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="treasury board" />
    <category term="funding" />
    <category term="spending" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Seeking program funding, spending authorities, and policy instruments from Treasury Board. Required for new programs and significant changes.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Briefing Note for Decision</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/bn-decision</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/bn-decision" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="decision" />
    <category term="minister" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Seeking a decision from the Minister on a specific issue. Used for matters within ministerial authority.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Briefing Note for Information</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/bn-info</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/bn-info" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="information" />
    <category term="minister" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Informing the Minister about an issue, development, or situation. No decision required.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Aide-Memoire</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/aide-memoire</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/aide-memoire" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="meeting" />
    <category term="minister" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Briefing package for ministerial meetings, calls, or events. Prepares Minister for specific engagement.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Question Period Card</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/qp-card</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/qp-card" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="question period" />
    <category term="parliament" />
    <category term="minister" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Briefing card for potential Question Period questions. Prepares Minister with approved responses.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Jurisdictional Scan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/j-scan</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/j-scan" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="research" />
    <category term="analysis" />
    <category term="comparative" />
    <category term="evidence" />
    <summary type="text">Comparative analysis of how other jurisdictions address a policy issue. Informs policy options development.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Environmental Scan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/e-scan</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/e-scan" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="research" />
    <category term="analysis" />
    <category term="strategic" />
    <category term="environment" />
    <summary type="text">Analysis of the external environment affecting a policy area. Identifies trends, opportunities, and threats.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Ontario Cabinet Submission</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/on-cab-sub</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/on-cab-sub" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="cabinet" />
    <category term="ontario" />
    <category term="provincial" />
    <category term="policy" />
    <summary type="text">Cabinet submission for Ontario government seeking policy or spending approval from Cabinet or its committees.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Ontario Briefing Note</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/on-bn</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/on-bn" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="ontario" />
    <category term="provincial" />
    <summary type="text">Standard briefing note format for Ontario ministries. Used for ministerial and deputy minister briefings.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>BC Cabinet Submission</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/bc-cab-sub</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/bc-cab-sub" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="cabinet" />
    <category term="bc" />
    <category term="provincial" />
    <category term="policy" />
    <summary type="text">Cabinet and Treasury Board submission for British Columbia government.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Alberta Cabinet Submission</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/ab-cab-sub</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/ab-cab-sub" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="cabinet" />
    <category term="alberta" />
    <category term="provincial" />
    <category term="policy" />
    <summary type="text">Cabinet Policy Committee submission for Alberta government.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Mémoire au Conseil des ministres</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/qc-memoire</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/qc-memoire" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="cabinet" />
    <category term="quebec" />
    <category term="provincial" />
    <category term="politique" />
    <summary type="text">Mémoire au Conseil des ministres du Québec. Document de décision pour le Cabinet québécois.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/rias</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/rias" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="regulation" />
    <category term="rias" />
    <category term="canada gazette" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Full RIAS for publication in Canada Gazette. Required for all regulations under the Cabinet Directive on Regulation.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Regulatory Triage Statement</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/triage</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/triage" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="regulation" />
    <category term="triage" />
    <category term="low-impact" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <summary type="text">Initial assessment for low-impact regulatory proposals. Streamlined alternative to full RIAS.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Public Consultation Plan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/consultation-plan</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/consultation-plan" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="consultation" />
    <category term="engagement" />
    <category term="public" />
    <category term="stakeholder" />
    <summary type="text">Framework for planning and executing public consultations on policy proposals.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>What We Heard Report</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/wwh</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/wwh" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="consultation" />
    <category term="report" />
    <category term="feedback" />
    <category term="engagement" />
    <summary type="text">Summary of feedback received during public or stakeholder consultations. Demonstrates how input was considered.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Indigenous Consultation Plan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/icp</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/icp" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="indigenous" />
    <category term="consultation" />
    <category term="duty to consult" />
    <category term="undrip" />
    <summary type="text">Framework for fulfilling the Crown&apos;s duty to consult with Indigenous peoples. Based on UNDRIP and constitutional obligations.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Logic Model</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/logic-model</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/logic-model" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="evaluation" />
    <category term="logic model" />
    <category term="performance" />
    <category term="results" />
    <summary type="text">Visual framework linking program activities to expected outcomes. Foundation for performance measurement and evaluation.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Performance Information Profile</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/pip</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/pip" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="evaluation" />
    <category term="performance" />
    <category term="indicators" />
    <category term="measurement" />
    <summary type="text">Defines performance indicators and data collection for program evaluation.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Business Case</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/business-case</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/business-case" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="business case" />
    <category term="investment" />
    <category term="financial" />
    <category term="analysis" />
    <summary type="text">Justification for a proposed investment or initiative. Analyzes options and recommends preferred approach.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Council Report</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/council-report</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/council-report" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="council" />
    <category term="municipal" />
    <category term="report" />
    <category term="decision" />
    <summary type="text">Staff report for municipal council seeking a decision. Standard format for Canadian municipalities.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Municipal Bylaw</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/bylaw</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/bylaw" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="bylaw" />
    <category term="municipal" />
    <category term="legislation" />
    <category term="legal" />
    <summary type="text">Standard bylaw format for Canadian municipalities. Includes all required legal elements.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Communications Plan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/comms-plan</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/comms-plan" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="communications" />
    <category term="plan" />
    <category term="strategy" />
    <category term="messaging" />
    <summary type="text">Strategic communications plan for policy announcements, initiatives, or issues management.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Legislative Proposal</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/leg-proposal</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/leg-proposal" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="legislation" />
    <category term="bill" />
    <category term="law" />
    <category term="parliament" />
    <summary type="text">Proposal for new legislation or amendments. Precedes drafting instructions.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Emergency Response Plan</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/emergency-response</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/emergency-response" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="emergency" />
    <category term="crisis" />
    <category term="response" />
    <category term="management" />
    <summary type="text">Framework for responding to emergencies and crises. Aligned with Emergency Management Framework.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Federal-Provincial-Territorial Agreement</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/fpt-agreement</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/fpt-agreement" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="fpt" />
    <category term="intergovernmental" />
    <category term="agreement" />
    <category term="federal-provincial" />
    <summary type="text">Framework for negotiating and documenting FPT agreements on shared priorities.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Executive Order Draft</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-eo</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-eo" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="executive" />
    <category term="presidential" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <category term="directive" />
    <summary type="text">Presidential directive that manages operations of the federal government. Used to direct federal agencies and officials in their execution of congressionally established laws or policies.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Presidential Memorandum</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-pm</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-pm" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="executive" />
    <category term="presidential" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <category term="internal" />
    <summary type="text">Presidential directive to executive branch agencies that does not require publication in the Federal Register. Often used for internal administration or policy guidance.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Notice of Proposed Rulemaking</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-nprm</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-nprm" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="regulatory" />
    <category term="apa" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <category term="rulemaking" />
    <summary type="text">Formal notice published in the Federal Register proposing new regulations or amendments. Initiates the public comment period required by the Administrative Procedure Act.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Final Rule</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-final-rule</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-final-rule" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="regulatory" />
    <category term="apa" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <category term="rulemaking" />
    <summary type="text">The final regulatory action published in the Federal Register after considering public comments on the NPRM.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Congressional Bill Draft</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-bill-draft</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-bill-draft" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="legislative" />
    <category term="congress" />
    <category term="federal" />
    <category term="bill" />
    <summary type="text">Template for drafting legislation for introduction in the House or Senate. Follows Office of Legislative Counsel formatting requirements.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Committee Report</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-committee-report</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-committee-report" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="legislative" />
    <category term="congress" />
    <category term="committee" />
    <category term="report" />
    <summary type="text">Report accompanying a bill reported out of committee. Explains the bill&apos;s purpose, provisions, and committee&apos;s recommendations.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Decision Memorandum</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-decision-memo</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-decision-memo" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="decision" />
    <category term="executive" />
    <category term="memo" />
    <summary type="text">Memorandum presenting options and recommendations to a decision-maker. Standard format for White House and agency decision-making.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Issue Brief</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-issue-brief</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/us-issue-brief" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="document-format" label="document-format" />
    <category term="briefing" />
    <category term="analysis" />
    <category term="issue" />
    <category term="policy" />
    <summary type="text">Concise analysis of a policy issue for senior officials. Provides background, current status, and key considerations.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Policy Scrum</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-scrum</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-scrum" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="process-methodology" label="process-methodology" />
    <category term="policy-scrum" />
    <summary type="text">Fixed-length sprints with defined roles and ceremonies for predictable policy development</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Policy Kanban</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-kanban</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-kanban" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="process-methodology" label="process-methodology" />
    <category term="policy-kanban" />
    <summary type="text">Continuous flow system optimized for ongoing policy maintenance and rapid response</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Policy Scrumban</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-scrumban</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-scrumban" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="process-methodology" label="process-methodology" />
    <category term="policy-scrumban" />
    <summary type="text">Hybrid approach combining Scrum structure with Kanban flow for balanced flexibility</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Scaled Agile for Policy (SAFe-P)</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-safe</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/policy-safe" />
    <updated>2026-04-18T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="process-methodology" label="process-methodology" />
    <category term="policy-safe" />
    <summary type="text">Enterprise-scale framework for large policy initiatives across multiple departments</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Institutional Analysis and Development Framework</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/iad-framework</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/iad-framework" />
    <updated>2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="analytical-framework" label="analytical-framework" />
    <category term="commons" />
    <category term="institutions" />
    <category term="collective-action" />
    <category term="governance" />
    <category term="ostrom" />
    <category term="iad" />
    <summary type="text">A multi-tiered conceptual map for studying how rules, biophysical conditions, and community attributes shape decisions in collective-action situations — particularly common-pool resource governance.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/bardach-eightfold</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/bardach-eightfold" />
    <updated>2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="analytical-framework" label="analytical-framework" />
    <category term="policy-analysis" />
    <category term="decision-support" />
    <category term="bardach" />
    <category term="eightfold" />
    <category term="methodology" />
    <category term="problem-definition" />
    <summary type="text">A practitioner-oriented eight-step procedure for structured policy analysis: define the problem, assemble evidence, construct alternatives, select criteria, project outcomes, confront trade-offs, decide, and tell the story. The path is iterative — analysts loop back as evidence reshapes the problem definition.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Multiple Streams Framework</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/kingdon-multiple-streams</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/kingdon-multiple-streams" />
    <updated>2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="analytical-framework" label="analytical-framework" />
    <category term="agenda-setting" />
    <category term="multiple-streams" />
    <category term="kingdon" />
    <category term="policy-windows" />
    <category term="political-science" />
    <category term="policy-entrepreneurs" />
    <summary type="text">An agenda-setting framework that explains why some issues rise to government attention and others do not. Three independent streams — problems, policies, and politics — flow through the system; when they couple at moments of opening (policy windows), an issue moves onto the decision agenda. Policy entrepreneurs are the agents who couple the streams.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Advocacy Coalition Framework</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/sabatier-advocacy-coalition</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/sabatier-advocacy-coalition" />
    <updated>2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="analytical-framework" label="analytical-framework" />
    <category term="advocacy-coalitions" />
    <category term="sabatier" />
    <category term="policy-change" />
    <category term="belief-systems" />
    <category term="political-science" />
    <category term="policy-subsystems" />
    <summary type="text">A framework for analyzing policy change over decade-plus time horizons within a policy subsystem. Actors aggregate into advocacy coalitions bound by shared belief systems; policy change emerges from coalition contestation, policy-oriented learning, and external (or internal) shocks. The framework presumes that beliefs, not interests alone, structure coalitions.</summary>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <title>Policy Analysis: Concepts and Practice (Five-Step Approach)</title>
    <id>https://opengrotto.ca/template/weimer-vining-five-step</id>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://opengrotto.ca/template/weimer-vining-five-step" />
    <updated>2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z</updated>
    <author>
      <name>Open Grotto</name>
      
    </author>
    <category term="analytical-framework" label="analytical-framework" />
    <category term="policy-analysis" />
    <category term="weimer-vining" />
    <category term="cost-benefit" />
    <category term="market-failure" />
    <category term="government-failure" />
    <category term="welfare-economics" />
    <summary type="text">A welfare-economics-grounded five-step procedure for policy analysis: understand the problem (typically as a market failure or government failure), choose evaluation criteria, specify policy alternatives, predict and value impacts, and recommend the policy that best satisfies the criteria. The framework treats policy analysis as applied economics with explicit attention to the limits of both market and state remedies.</summary>
  </entry>
</feed>
